Mythologies of the Hashid Tribe


The Hashid (Arabic: حاشد; Musnad: 𐩢𐩦𐩵𐩣) is a tribal confederation in Yemen. It is the second or third largest – after Bakil and, depending on sources, Madh'hij – yet generally recognized as the strongest and most influential. According to medieval Yemeni genealogies, Hashid and Bakil were the sons of Jashim bin Jubran bin Nawf Bin Tuba'a bin Zayd bin Amr bin Hamdan. Member tribes of the Hashid Confederation are found primarily in the mountains in the North and Northwest of the country. In recent times, Hashid confederation had for decades been led by the powerful Abushawareb clan. The clan's influence was built on an alliance with the former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who relied on a coalition with the most prominent leader of the Hashid tribal confederation, Sheikh Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar, to take power in 1978. Until his death on 29 December 2007, Sheikh Abdullah served as the Speaker of Parliament and was considered Yemen's second most powerful person after President Saleh (who, along with many others in the government, also is a member of a Hashid tribe). After Sheikh Abdullah's death, his son Sadiq inherited the leadership of the confederation, with other sons Hamid al-Ahmar, a prominent businessman and Yemeni opposition leader in the Muslim Brotherhood, and Himyar Al Ahmar, the former deputy speaker of parliament – becoming influential members. With the beginning of the Arab Spring, this new tribal leadership sided with the protesters and launched a Hashid insurgency, which played an essential role in the revolution against President Ali Abdullah Saleh in May 2011, culminating in the Battle of Sana'a and mass protests that eventually forced President Saleh to step down in February 2012 after 33 years in power. However, the resulting rift between the al-Ahmar clan and Saleh - who retained loyalty of some Hashid tribes - led to the divisions within the Hashid confederation. This, along with the suspension of financial support by Saudi Arabia over al-Ahmar's continued alliance with the Muslim Brotherhood, had contributed to their defeat in the ensuing conflict with the Houthis and led to the subsequent loss of Hashid leadership as many tribes (Bani Suraim, Usaimat, Uzer, etc.) reached a peace agreement or sided with the rebels.


The Yemeni Hashid tribe, one of the most politically and militarily influential tribes since the fall of the Imamate and the proclamation of the republican regime in the north of the country in 1962. Since the outbreak of the war in Yemen in March 2015 between the Houthi group and the Yemeni government supported by the Saudi-led coalition, the tribe has been present strongly, as it constitutes Its men are the largest force on both sides of the war. Then the Yemeni Hashed tribe returned to the fore again with the departure of its sheikh, Sadiq al-Ahmar, on January 6, 2023, who inherited the leadership of the tribe after the pledge of allegiance was held in 2008 in the city of Khamer in Amran Governorate, north of Sana’a, to succeed his father Abdullah bin Hussein al-Ahmar, the deceased. The end of 2007, who was also one of the most prominent tribal and Yemeni figures who influenced the political scene. The Hashid tribe extends from the Sanhan district, south of the capital, Sana'a, to the south of Saada Governorate in northern Yemen, and from Al-Jawf Governorate in the east to Tihama in the west. The province of Amran constitutes the historical stronghold of the tribe, and the Bani Sarim tribe is considered the largest clan of the Hashid tribes, in addition to the Kharif, Al-Aseemat and Athr tribes. Under these tribes, several tribes branch out, in addition to other Yemeni tribes that united with them. After the establishment of the Republic, most of the men of the tribe moved to live in the capital, Sana'a.

Amran is the city of the Hashid tribe, the tribe of Ali Abdullah Saleh, the former president of North Yemen from 1978 and the first premier after the reunification in 1990. From this time on, all military leaders have hailed from this tribe, including Gen. Ali Mohsen, who defected from the regime in 2011 during the popular revolution. The Hashid tribe remains the strongest among the Yemeni clans, headed by prominent politician Sheikh Abdullah Bin Hussein al-Ahmar until his death in 2009. Under the Saudi Wahhabist banner, the tribe managed to rule Yemen for more than three decades until it divided during the revolution in 2011. The battle for Amran started four months ago when Houthis moved to support the uprising of the Hashid tribe against Bani al-Hamar Sheikhs, the tribal allies of the Islah Party. This was an indication of the change in the balance of power north of Sanaa, the stronghold of most of the influential tribal forces, which forged alliances with either each other or the Islah Party and Saleh. The tribes that were allied with Saleh shifted their stance and joined with the Houthis against the Islah Party, which was the spearhead of the revolution that toppled Saleh.































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