Mythologies of the Sarki/Mijar Tribe

Sarki/Mijar (Nepali: सार्की) is an occupational caste in Nepal traditionally belonging to leather workers. They are found in the region of the Himalayas, Nepal, across the hills of Darjeeling & Kalimpong and in Terai area of Dooars. They are experts in playing their musical instrument "Madal" and performing dance in a group which is also called “Khayali Marooni”. According to the 2021 Nepal census, Sarki makes up 1.55% of Nepal's population (452,229 people). Sarki are referred to in the Nepali and Thakali languages. Due to many caste-based discriminations in Nepal, the government of Nepal legally abolished the caste-system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "untouchability" (the ostracism of a specific caste) - in the year 1963 A.D. With Nepal's step towards freedom and equality, Nepal, previously ruled by a Hindu monarchy, was a Hindu nation which has now become a secular state, and on 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic, ending it as a Hindu Kingdom. The 1854 Nepalese Muluki Ain (Legal Code) categorized Sarki as a category. Sarki is categorized under "Hill Dalit" among the 9 broad social groups, along with Damai, Badi, Kami and Gaine by the Government of Nepal.

The Sarki caste is traditionally associated with the craft of leatherwork and shoemaking. They have played a vital role in providing footwear and leather products to Nepali society for generations. Their skills have been indispensable, especially in a country where agriculture and walking are primary modes of life. The Sarki community boasts a rich cultural heritage. Their craftsmanship is not just about utility but is also a form of artistry passed down through generations. The making of leather goods, from intricate shoes to belts and bags, is a testament to their skill and dedication. In addition to their craftsmanship, Sarki culture includes traditional songs, dances, and festivals. These cultural expressions help preserve their unique identity and provide a sense of belonging within the wider Nepali society. The Sarki caste in Nepal, with its deep-rooted tradition of leatherwork and shoemaking, exemplifies the cultural diversity and resilience of the Nepali people. While challenges related to discrimination persist, there has been progress in addressing these issues through legal means and changing societal attitudes. Furthermore, the Sarki community is adapting to changing economic landscapes, demonstrating their ability to preserve their heritage while embracing modern opportunities. As Nepal continues to evolve socially and economically, it is crucial to recognize and celebrate the contributions of diverse communities like the Sarki caste, whose traditions and skills enrich the nation's cultural mosaic while contributing to its economic vitality. By supporting and empowering these communities, Nepal can further strengthen its commitment to equality, inclusivity, and diversity.

The traditional and primary occupation of the Sarki was shoe making, but nowadays only a few among them are occupied as leather workers or cobblers. This profession gave them low status in Hindu India for two reasons. Working with leather meant working with "dead" materials. Secondly, they dealt with shoes, covering the lowest part of the body.
The Sarki people live in Uttar Pradesh, India, Bhutan and Nepal. Most of them live in Nepal. They are in a desperate situation to learn new trades so they can make an honest living. Some of them are musicians who play the mandal. Some are dancers. They have family deities and a village deity. Some of their deities are Santala Devi, Maidevta and Dat Kali. Their witchdoctor is called lama or jhankri. The worldview of the Sarki is very different than those of a monotheist, who believes in one God who is creator of all.

The Sarki people, deeply rooted in Nepal's heritage, possess a cultural legacy that spans centuries. Their customs and traditions are as rich and diverse as the country's landscapes. Central to their identity is their exceptional leatherwork and craftsmanship, a skill that has been passed down through generations. The Sarki community's festivals and rituals, adorned with traditional music and dances, not only celebrate their heritage but also reflect their unity and reverence for their craft. Sarki customs are a testament to their rich cultural identity. Their festivals and customs are vibrant celebrations that echo their deep respect for tradition. At the core of their identity is their unparalleled leatherwork and craftsmanship, which includes crafting an array of products, from shoes to intricate accessories. These skills are not only a source of livelihood but also represent the Sarki people's dedication to preserving their unique heritage.

Language stands as the pillar of Sarki identity, a cultural heritage that binds them across generations. Similarly, their artisan traditions, especially in leatherwork, are meticulously preserved. The techniques and expertise involved in their craft are not just skills but traditions passed down from ancestors, ensuring the continuity of their unique craftsmanship.

Sarki/Mijar (Nepali: सार्की, Tibetan: སར་ཀི།) is a Khas occupational caste traditionally belonging to leather workers. They are found in the region of the Himalayas, Nepal, across the hills of Darjeeling & Kalimpong and in Terai area of Dooars. They are experts in playing their musical instrument "Madal" and performing dance in a group which is also called “Khayali Marooni”. According to the 2011 Nepal census, Sarki makes up 1.4% of Nepal's population (374,816 people). Sarki are referred to in the Nepali and Thakali languages. Due to many caste-based discriminations in Nepal, the government of Nepal legally abolished the caste-system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "untouchability" (the ostracism of a specific caste) - in the year 1963 A.D. With Nepal's step towards freedom and equality, Nepal, previously ruled by a Hindu monarchy, was a Hindu nation which has now become a secular state, and on 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic, ending it as the Hindu Kingdom The 1854 Nepalese Muluki Ain (Legal Code) categorized Sarki as a category. Sarki is categorized under "Hill Dalit" among the 9 broad social groups, along with Damai, Badi, Kami and Gaine by the Government of Nepal.