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Mythologies of the Mamanwa Peoples

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  The  Mamanwa language  is a  Central Philippine language  spoken by the  Mamanwa  people. It is spoken in the provinces of  Agusan del Norte  and  Surigao del Norte  in the  Lake Mainit  area of  Mindanao ,  Philippines . It had about 5,000 speakers in 1990.  Mamanwa is a grammatically conservative language, retaining a three-way deictic distinction in its articles which elsewhere is only preserved in some of the   Batanic languages .  Before the arrival of Mamanwa speakers in central   Samar Island , there had been an earlier group of   Negritos   on the island.   According to   Lobel (2013) , the Samar Agta may have switched to   Waray   or Northern Samarenyo, or possibly even Mamanwa.  In addition to this, Francisco Combes, a Spanish friar, had observed the presence of Negritos in the   Zamboanga Peninsula   "in the   Misamis   strip" in 1645, although no linguistic data had ever been collected. Mamanwa Tribe The nomadic Mamanwa (also spelled Mamanoa) people are one of

Mythologies of the Higaonon Tribes

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“Without the environment there is no land — without land there is no culture, no beliefs — without beliefs there are no people.”   The indigenous tribes of the Higaonon share a common root language, history and culture, they can be found in the northern and central regions of the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. They are a nomadic tribe, traveling from one mountain to another, looking for fertile soil for a fruitful harvest. The name Higaonon is derived from the words  higa  meaning  living, the word  goan , which  means mountains and the word  onon  meaning people. All togethe these words form the description of the tribe as "people of the living mountains." This tribe, also named "people of the wilderness",  is one of the least known ethnic groups that inhabit the hinterlands of North-Central Mindanao. They are  scattered over five provinces, Bukidnon. Agusan del Sur, Agusan del Norte, Lanao del Norte and Misamis Oriental. Ever since "the Times of Crea